Democracy in Crisis: Repressive Actions Against Peaceful Protests in Indonesia

In 2025, Indonesia faces a critical test of its commitment to democracy and human rights. Peaceful protests against the revision of the Military Law (UU TNI) were met with brutal repression by security forces. More alarmingly, these actions did not stop at protesters—medical teams providing aid were also targeted, and hospitals were even invaded by authorities. This situation raises serious concerns both nationally and internationally about the future of democracy in Indonesia.

Background: The Controversy of the Revised Military Law (UU TNI)

In March 2025, the Indonesian Parliament (DPR) passed a revision to the Military Law (UU TNI) that expanded the military's role in civilian affairs. This move sparked fears of a return to military dominance in governance, reminiscent of Indonesia's authoritarian past under Suharto's New Order regime. While the government justified the change as necessary for national security, critics warned that it could undermine democracy and human rights.

Repression Against Peaceful Protests

Following the law’s passage, thousands of students and activists took to the streets in protest. However, rather than allowing peaceful expression, authorities responded with violent crackdowns. Reports from Amnesty International Indonesia detailed widespread intimidation, excessive use of force, and arrests of activists, students, and journalists.

Legislators from opposition parties also condemned the brutality. Abdullah, a member of the National Awakening Party (PKB), warned that such repression would only escalate public dissatisfaction and erode trust in the government.

Violations Against Medical Teams and Hospital Invasions

Shockingly, security forces did not stop at protesters. Medical teams attending to injured demonstrators were harassed, intimidated, and even detained. In some cases, police and military personnel forcibly entered hospitals to arrest wounded protesters. These actions not only violated ethical medical principles but also threatened the neutrality of healthcare facilities—an essential protection under international humanitarian law.

Reactions from Civil Society and the International Community

The crackdown triggered outrage from civil society organizations. The Commission for the Disappeared and Victims of Violence (KontraS) strongly condemned the violations of constitutional rights and called for accountability.

Internationally, human rights organizations and global media outlets reported on the deteriorating situation in Indonesia. The Guardian highlighted concerns that the revised Military Law and the crackdown on protests signaled a shift towards increasing authoritarianism. Many feared that Indonesia's commitment to democracy and human rights was at risk.

Implications for Democracy and Human Rights

The government’s repressive actions have serious consequences for Indonesia’s democratic future. If left unchecked, such actions set a dangerous precedent, where state power is used to silence dissent and disregard fundamental human rights.

Additionally, the violation of medical neutrality raises grave concerns about Indonesia’s adherence to international law. Healthcare facilities must remain safe spaces for all, regardless of their involvement in protests.

Calls for Action and Reform

To address this crisis, urgent steps must be taken:

1. Independent Investigation – A neutral investigative body must be established to hold those responsible for human rights violations accountable.
2. Security Forces Reform – The Indonesian government must ensure law enforcement personnel receive proper training in human rights and non-violent crowd control.
3. Protection of Healthcare Facilities – The state must guarantee the neutrality and safety of hospitals and medical professionals.
4. Open Dialogue – The government should engage with civil society groups to address concerns over the Military Law and broader democratic freedoms.
5. International Oversight – The global community must monitor Indonesia’s situation closely and apply diplomatic pressure where necessary.

Indonesia stands at a crossroads. The government's handling of protests and the military’s increasing role in civilian affairs raise fundamental questions about the country’s democratic future. Now more than ever, civil society, the international community, and all who value democracy must speak out against repression and demand accountability. Silence is not an option when democracy is at stake.